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Antofagasta is the largest city of the Norte Grande region, a product of the mining boom that hit the region in the 19th century. Profitable nitrate mines of the last century brought many foreign settlers to the city, and Antofagasta today possesses a markedly European feel in its architecture and ambiance. The Barrio Històrico is home to many historic Victorian buildings, and the clock tower of the Plaza Colòn is an exact replica of Big Ben. Today, Antofagasta is the embarkation point for copper mined at La Escondida and Chuquicamata--the latter of which holds the distinction of being the largest open-pit mine in the world.
Visitors who want to learn more about Antofagasta and the Norte Grande can visit the Museo Regional--in addition to its interesting exhibits on the history of the city and the mining industry, the museum holds a colourful collection of rock and mineral samples culled from the surrounding region.
With 20 km (12 miles) of beachfront and a mild, dry climate, Antofagasta has also developed as a year-round beach resort. The highlight of its shoreline is the Portada, an enormous rock located just to the north of town which the sea has steadily eroded into a dramatic natural arch.
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